Conscience. The Origin of Moral Intuition / Patricia Churchland. — Translated from English. — Moscow: Alpina non-fiction, 2021. — 278 pages. ISBN 978-5-00139-122-7 What is good and evil? How do we distinguish one from the other? Is conscience inherent to humans by nature, or is it a product of upbringing and environment? These eternal questions are examined by the founder of neurophilosophy Patricia Churchland through the prism of biology and philosophy. The author confidently guides us through the labyrinth of recent discoveries in neuroscience, genetics, evolution, psychology, psychiatry, anthropology, economics, politics, and philosophy, explaining how behavioral standards form in different social groups and cultures. By addressing evolution, she shows why a child's brain is tuned from the first days to form emotional bonds, cooperation, and care. Moving to philosophy, she clarifies why the concept of conscience plays a central role in any society, how moral attitudes are passed from generation to generation, and why moral norms vary across cultures. Thanks to her unparalleled ability to connect ideas lying in different planes, Patricia Churchland reveals anew the complex topic concerning the very essence of what makes us human. UDC 17.024 BBK 87.70